Le Blog d'AREMANE

Le prix Nobel de médecine 2005 récompense deux chercheurs australiens, Barry Marshall et Robin Warren, pour leurs recherches en gastro-entérologie.

Selon le jury Nobel de l'Institut Karolinska de Stockholm, les deux lauréats sont à l'origine en 1982 de "la remarquable et inattendue découverte" de la bactérie Helicobacter pylori.

Celle-ci est à l'origine des inflammations connues sous le nom de gastrites et d'ulcères stomacaux ou intestinaux, souligne le jury.

La bactérie est à l'origine de plus de 90% des ulcères duodénaux et de près de 80% des ulcères gastriques.

Les deux tiers de la population mondiale environ sont infectés de la bactérie H pylori mais la plupart des sujets n'en montrent pas les symptômes.

La bactérie prédispose au cancer de l'estomac, la seconde cause de mortalité par cancer.

"Grâce à la découverte pionnière de Marshall et Warren, la maladie ulcéreuse peptique n'est plus un état chronique fréquemment incapacitant mais un mal qui peut être soigné avec un régime court d'antibiotiques et d'inhibiteurs de sécrétions acides."

Avant cette découverte, le stress et le mode de vie étaient considérés comme des facteurs à l'origine des ulcères peptiques.

Warren est né en 1937 à Adelaïde et Marshall en 1951 à Kalgoorlie. Ils se partagent les 10 millions de couronnes du prix, soit près de 130 millions de dollars

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